Gallbladder disease refers to any condition that affects the gallbladder. The most common type of gallbladder disease is gallstone disease, which affects about 10-15% of adults in the United States. Other types of gallbladder disease include cholecystitis (inflammation of the gallbladder), gallbladder polyps, and gallbladder cancer.
Gallstones and gallbladder disease often present with no symptoms. However, if a gallstone becomes trapped in an opening (duct) inside the gallbladder, it can cause sudden, intense pain in your upper right abdomen near the rib cage, which can be severe and can radiate to the upper back. Some people with gallstones can also develop complications, such as inflammation of the gallbladder (cholecystitis). This can cause:
Common Scenarios
People with gallstones and gallbladder disease may experience the following scenarios:
There are several things you can do to help yourself manage gallstones and gallbladder disease, including:
The exact cause of gallstones is unknown, but there are several risk factors that increase your likelihood of developing them, including:
Gallstones and gallbladder disease can affect people of all ages, but they are more common in adults over the age of 40. They are also slightly more common in women than in men.
The symptoms of gallstones and gallbladder disease can vary depending on the severity of the condition. However, some of the most common symptoms include:
Gallstones and gallbladder disease can have a significant impact on a person's lifestyle. The pain and discomfort can make it difficult to perform everyday activities. The condition can also lead to anxiety and depression.
Treatment for gallstones and gallbladder disease will depend on the severity of the condition. In some cases, lifestyle changes may be enough to manage the symptoms. However, in most cases, surgery is necessary to remove the gallbladder.
Diagnosing gallstones and gallbladder disease typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and imaging tests.
Medical History
Your doctor will ask you about your symptoms, including when they started, how severe they are, and how they affect your daily life. They will also ask about your medical history, including any family history of gallstones or other abdominal conditions.
Physical Examination
Your doctor will perform a physical examination to check for any signs of gallstones or gallbladder disease, such as a tender or swollen abdomen. They may also listen to your abdomen with a stethoscope to check for any unusual sounds.
Imaging Tests
Imaging tests can be used to confirm the diagnosis of gallstones or gallbladder disease and to determine the size and location of any gallstones. Common imaging tests used to diagnose gallstones and gallbladder disease include:
Possible Outcomes
The imaging tests used to diagnose gallstones and gallbladder disease are highly accurate. In one study, ultrasound was 95% accurate in diagnosing gallstones. CT scans and MRCP are even more accurate, with accuracy rates of over 98%.
Pre-diagnosis
Before being diagnosed with gallstones or gallbladder disease, you may experience symptoms such as abdominal pain, nausea and vomiting, fever, and jaundice. These symptoms can be caused by a variety of conditions, so it is important to see a doctor to get a diagnosis.
Post-diagnosis
After being diagnosed with gallstones or gallbladder disease, you will have the opportunity to discuss treatment options with Mr Veeramootoo. Treatment options will depend on the severity of your symptoms and the underlying cause of the condition.
Long-term Effects
The long-term effects of gallstones and gallbladder disease can vary depending on the severity of the condition and the effectiveness of treatment. With proper management, most people with gallstones or gallbladder disease can live long and healthy lives.
There are two main types of treatment for gallstones and gallbladder disease: lifestyle changes and surgery.
Lifestyle Changes
In some cases, lifestyle changes may be enough to manage the symptoms of gallstones or gallbladder disease. Lifestyle changes that may help include:
Surgery
In most cases, surgery is necessary to remove the gallbladder (cholecystectomy). This is a safe and effective procedure that is typically performed laparoscopically, which means that it is done through small incisions in the abdomen. Recovery from laparoscopic cholecystectomy is usually quick, and most people can go home from the hospital after a few days.
What to Expect After Surgery
After surgery, you will need to follow a special diet and take medication to prevent infection and promote healing. You may also experience some pain and discomfort, but this should subside within a few weeks.
Going Forward After Surgery
After surgery, most people can return to their normal activities within a few weeks. However, it is important to continue to follow a healthy diet and exercise regularly to prevent gallstones from recurring.
Gallstones and gallbladder disease are common conditions that can affect people of all ages. However, with proper treatment, most people with gallstones and gallbladder disease can live long and healthy lives.